Preface xiv

Those who object to Twelve-Step programs on the basis that they foster dependence on a spiritual entity should understand that for most EDA members, spiritual dependence produces independence from fear, self-pity, despair, myriad forms of obsession, and freedom from mortal peril. For others, working the Twelve Steps need not entail reliance on any spiritual source at all. The choice of how to work the Steps is up to the individual. “God” in EDA literature can mean the Deity, a deity, a spiritual entity of one’s own understanding (a Higher Power), or a non-spiritual conception (a higher purpose). Reliance on any one of these conceptions confers a perspective that transcends our immediate physical, social, and emotional circumstances and allows us to “keep calm and carry on” with what re- ally matters. All Twelve-Step groups encourage members to “take what you can use and leave the rest.” This is not a statement to be found in any cult.